Firefox, Selenium GXT and the nasty Quick Find Links Only

So I have seen this intermittent error with my selenium tests that drives me up the wall. I'll be running a test and all of a sudden a little "Quick Find" box shows up in the lower left corner in Firefox (not the same as CTRL-F). This appears to be some sort of "old feature" of firefox that is used to quickly find links or something in the page (people have complained about it since Firefox 1.0). If you google the term "firefox quick find links only" you'll see the issue. Basically if you are in a non-input field (like the page) and type either "/" or "'" it will invoke this. The problem is, in GXT with selenium in order for some values to be input, events need to be raised by my selenium tests to blur/focus etc. Even though I am not typing in an apostrophe or slash, some sequence will trigger this control. Usually it was during the typing in a text field after clearing it and the first character (or in the case of my tree filter the 8th character?) would be dropped. It turns out, a solution that appears to work is the use of a Firefox plugin to turn off this widget/control (not sure why there is not a setting to do it by default - since I am sure most people do not even know the functionality is there).

There is a solution for this, but in order to use it you'll want to setup Firefox and Selenium to use a custom profile (since you have to install this plugin). To do so, start firefox with the -profileManager argument (ie. firefox -profilemanager). Be sure not to have any instances running when you do this (or else it will be ignored). When the profile manager shows up:

1. uncheck the "don't ask at startup" - we'll restore this later
2. choose to create a new profile
3. give your profile a name like "selenium" and click the choose folder. Before going further write down this path as you will need it along with the profile name. On Windows 7, mine would be c:\users\myusername\AppData\Roaming\Mozilla\FireFox\Profiles.
4. Launch Firefox using this profile.
5. Go to your favorite website (like my blog). Without clicking in a textfield, hit the button "/". If you see a Quick Find show up, the next should help disable this.
6. The process to disable the Quick find is documented here. In particular you'll need to download the plugin and install it to Firefox (on Windows is .xpi is not mapped to firefox choose to pick a file and choose firefox). Once installed, follow the instructions.
7. After "disabling" it, try step 5 again and this time the Quick Find should not show up.
8. Now you have a Firefox that will run the selenium tests without Quick Find, but selenium is not using it. The next step is to modify your selenium startup script (if you are running it by typing java -jar selenium-server.jar write a script!. In the script, add the flag -firefoxProfileTemplate path_to_profile_above\profile_name to the end of the command. This will use your custom profile for executing the tests.
9. Finally, close down firefox and launch it again. This time checkoff the "Don't ask at startup" and choose your regular profile and you are off back using firefox with your profile.

GXT and Selenium - Part 2

First off, to all those who have patiently asked for my solution of GXT combo boxes and selenium, I do apologize for the long time in coming. While reading my articles is certainly not like being left with a cliff hanger in a movie sequel, I know the pain in waiting anxiously for a solution.

Combo Boxes
After trying many different ways to get combo boxes to work, I have worked out a pattern which I will share which has seemed to provide the greatest stability in our tests. We currently have forty-odd selenium tests run upon check-in to trunk for the stamp webeditor project. Approximately half of them utilize one of the dozen or so combo boxes in my application and the only failures we have seen is when there is actually something wrong with our underlying code.

Here is a break-down of the steps:

1. If a label is provided (ie. a combobox with a label), attempt to wait for the combobox to be enabled. When the combobox is first shown, the backing store may be initializing or other activities may be happening, thus causing the combobox to be disabled. The routine will simply wait a duration for a given number of cycles for the combobox to be enabled.
2. The combobox will be clicked.
3. If the combobox results are visible, and one of those results is the item we are looking for, a mouseDown event will be emitted on the resulting item. If not present, a system out message will be printed (I found this useful in debugging the issue. In practice I may only see the message once if the system is bogged down and running slow)
4. I found a need to wait another duration after the mouseDown event, proceeding with firing off a blur event. While these last may not always be needed, as I mentioned above, I have not had any failures show up due to combobox selection and having these in the code certainly have helped!

I should mention the waitDuration and waitCycles are simply integer static values (125 and 20 respectfully however I can configure these via configuration). Finally the pause() method is simply a Thread.sleep() call wrapped in a try/catch block. One of my readers Carl, suggested using the Selenium.Wait( ) functionality, which I may explore in the future.

So lets look at some code:

 /**
  * Will select the text in a ComboBox by the specified locator.  If the ComboBox is provided
  * a label, the method will try and determine if the ComboBox is disabled, and if it is wait
  * for it to become enabled (or timeout after 5000 seconds whichever is first).
  * 
  * @param selenium The selenium context
  * @param text  The text to pick from the selections
  * @param locator The locator of the selection input box
  * @param label  The label for the ComboBox (optional)
  */
 public static void selectByText(Selenium selenium, String text, String locator, String label) {
  if( label != null) {
   String disabledLocator = "//fieldset//label[.='" + label +":']/following-sibling::div//div[contains(@class,'x-item-disabled')]";
   int timeout = 0;
   while( selenium.isElementPresent(disabledLocator )) {
    pause(waitDuration);
    timeout++;
    if( timeout > waitCycles) {
     throw new SeleniumException("Selection element was not enabled after timeout");
    }
   }
  }
  boolean found = false;
  String downDownLocator = "//div[contains(@class,'x-combo-list')]";
  String itemLocator = downDownLocator + "//div[contains(@class,'x-combo-list-item') and .='" + text + "']";
  selenium.click(locator);
   for(int i = 0; i < waitCycles; i++ ) {
    if( selenium.isElementPresent(itemLocator) && selenium.isVisible(itemLocator)) {
     selenium.mouseDown(itemLocator);
     found = true;
     break;
    } else if ( selenium.isElementPresent(downDownLocator) ) {
     System.out.println("selectByText() - at least div for the combo is present...");
    } else {
     System.out.println("selectByText() - no div for the combo present.");
    }
    pause(waitDuration);
   }
 
  if( !found ) {
   throw new SeleniumException("locator:" + itemLocator + " not found.");
  }
  pause(waitDuration);
  selenium.fireEvent(locator, "blur");
 }
 

Hopefully this can help alleviate some of the pain out there around the GXT combo boxes and selenium.

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Version Info
GXT: 2.1.1
Selenium: 1.0.1

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Reviewing ForeUI to prototype screens

Recently I have had the pleasure of working together with one of my coworkers on my Stamp Web Editor project (on our personal time of course). Like all skilled professionals she wanted a chance to try and use some new technologies and libraries (like GXT, JPA and Restful Web Services) and I realized I simply could not continue to develop my hobby application without involving more developers. One problem arose quite quickly. I went from the "one man shop" to having to express my ideas and intentions to another developer often through email and napkin drawings. I also felt there was no permanence to the designs or formal drawings to really refer back to. At my employer I know several of the Product Definition folks use a tool called Balsamiq for doing napkin like designs, which I always felt lacked a sense of fidelity. I wanted more. A quick google search turned up a bunch of different tools.

One that I investigated was a firefox plugin called "Pencil". This is a freeware application, but I found it lacking when trying to show any sort of flow (it is really designed I think to provide a static prototype). Still, if you need a simple tool to show some buttons and forms, this might be a light weight way to achieve this.

The next tool I looked at was called ForeUI from EASynth. While the tool is a commerical product, the EASynth offers a full featured version as a demo which the user can use for 15 days. Some functionality (such as Save and Export) will be unavailable after this time period expires.

Installation/Setup

The install was clean and easy and the application launched on my Windows 7 laptop without any issues. A program group was added in my application bar under "EaSynth" which I would think many users might find confusing (since they installed ForeUI didn't they?) but once you get familiar with it, it should be easy enough to find for most users. It would appear that it is setup by default to look for a newer version of the software which will prompt the user when available:

Capabilities and Impressions...

The first thing that impressed me about ForeUI was its clean user interface. My "paper" page was right in front of me, and the widget I could choose from were easy to find on the left. A toolbar/menu was present for the "actions".

In ForeUI, a plot concept is used to represent your "prototype". You can add multiple pages to your plot and provide actions to transition between pages.

Right away I was able to start adding widgets to my page and exploring deeper. One thing that I did find a little confusing at first was that you had to drag the components onto your page. It was not like Microsoft Powerpoint where you pick your element and click on the page to add it. This is similiar to most GUI-builder tools (like Matisse in Netbeans) and it didn't take me long to pick up the correct action. I was impressed with the components available to the user and they included both application components (group frames, calendars, menu bars) as well as components you might find in a website (images, mock text). The components available allow prototypers to develop a prototype for:

• Web sites
• Rich Web Applications / Desktop Applications
• Layouts (either was Web pages, blog or non-computer related layouts)

As well as visual components, a set of Annotations are available to allow you to annotate your designs with Balloons, Post-Its and Lines. This is especially useful in calling out elements of behavior within your pages. There also appears to be a portal where users can Share their custom components called "Resource Sharing". Some of the examples currently available include a Map component, Ad spots and arrow libraries. While providing a good selection of components, one that I found missing was some sort of accordion panel (the irony is that the components themselves are housed in one). Another confusing aspect was the location of a few of the components. For example the traditional label and images show up under the Basic panel. While these are basic constructs of all prototypes (Web, application, layouts), while working with the widget components I often found myself having to think twice on where I go to get the text label.

Once a component is dropped on the page the user has to ability to customize it further. Overall, I was quite pleased with the options which included:

• Changing the visibility
• Setting the state of a component (disabled, selected etc.)
• Specifying the font type, weight and color
• Defining the text of the component
• Z-Ordering of the component

In order to change the properties of an item, you can either right-mouse click on it and choose from the menu options or select it and then the elements toolbox appears (by default on the right side of the screen):

One aspect I found very confusing was "where" a property option would be. Some options were only available from the toolbox (Group, Z-Order etc.) whereas other were available both from the context-menu and toolbox. Using the context menu is the most efficient, but I started finding myself ignoring it after a while because the options I was looking for were not present. The font for the components will be dialog by default. This produced horrible looking "simulated prototypes" and I had to manually change the font on every component after I had added it. I discovered an option afterward in the Settings menu under the Plot tab where you can specify the default font which appeared to take care of this. One aspect of property editing which could be improved is the double-click edit text capability (you select an item in your page and double click it to edit the text). More the half the time, even when clicking quickly, any movement of the mouse would move the component (thus throwing off my alignment). You can edit text from the toolbox (the pencil icon top-left) and I quickly preferred this approach to avoid the movements of my items. Perhaps if it was not as sensitive (or the move was delayed) this would be a cleaner experience.

The user can move the component around the page either with a mouse-drag or by using the arrow keys (once selected). As you drag near other components, spacing guidelines will appear letting you know that you are aligned along the center, top, middle etc. This allows you to quick setup a user-interface and still have it aligned properly. The guidelines only appear after the item is on the page so you do have to get used to the double drop (ie. pick a widget drag it to your page and drop it. Then select and drag it around your page to get the guidelines). There are some quick options to align horizontally/vertically etc. if more than one item is selected. When you move and align an item with guidelines, there is no concept of spring boundaries (like in Matisse) such that if you add a text field to a window and set the textfield to be most of the width of the window, resizing the window will not resize the text field. There is also snap capabilities which is useful, however I found the default snap value (5 pixels) a little tight.

Grouping of items is supported however in order to do so, you need to carefully select the items and select the "Grouping" icon from the element toolkit (I am not sure why this is not available from the right-mouse context menu). If you stack several components on top of each other it can be difficult to select the right ones. You can get at buried items using the CTRL-left or CTRL-right keys.

You can add events on an item using the action capability. This is very powerful in communicating intent. The type of events you can add depends on the component used but include concepts like:

• changing the visibility (hiding/showing)
• changing selection (comboboxes, checkbox, tables)
• changing pages (navigating to a new screen)

I used it for both showing my annotations (on mousing over a component) as well as invoking events on click.

The table component is a very polished read-only component for ForeUI. The data for the table is excepted as a comma delimited list (with the headers being the first row of data). I found the easiest way to create fake data was to use Excel and export the file as csv (and then copy/paste the CSV content from notepad into ForeUI). It would have been nicer if I could have input the data easier within the ForeUI tool, but I am happy with the end result. One thing that was lacking about the table was providing editable cells (as well as defining a component to use for the editor). I worked around this by dropping an editable component in the desired row above the table (Z-order wise). You seem to only be able to register a single "click event" you will not be able to take the user through a edit session easily. Providing the ability to supply actions / table cell does not appear to be supported and this would really allow for some complex client interactions. For this reason I switched to showing the application in a more static manner and instead used annotations to call out capabilities as the user mouses over components.

I was able to create a relatively accurate representation of my desired client in quick order. Since I was only designing a pop-up tool for my application, I decided to represent my application as a static image and then added a custom toolbar action as a launch point for the new client tool. In order to represent the lightbox affect, I had to drag a filled rectangle over the image (and under the popup tool) with an opacity setting. As I added new screens to the plot, I learned that if my page represented a popup tool, that I should focus first on these components and then add an main application image (with the partially transparent rectangle for masking) afterwards and send this to be back with the Z-order action. An example of a page I designed is here:

Several preview options are available include a Slide Show (showing each of your screens statically) and a Simulation tool which will run your pages in your browser (allowing you to click/iteract with the client). The following is a video I produced for one of the new features I want to implement that shows the simulation:

You can export the project to a variety of different formats including PDF, HTML or as images. The PDF and image formats of course do not provide interaction with the action events, however the DHTML option does output the actions you defined so you can interact with the client (likely using Javascript) using the simulation tool.

Technical Observations

• The ForeUI application is written in Java, which allows some nice customization ability such as applying different Look and Feels:
  
• The application when running consumes approximately 160 MB of memory (this was for a three page 50 element prototype with a few interactive actions). Overall this is not too bad and is less than the average requirements for an IDE like Eclipse with Java tooling.
• Overall performance and responsiveness was good, which to me shows me that the developers at EaSynth know how to develop proper Java Swing applications by not performing large computational operations on the Swing Event Thread.
• I did not run into any crashes, fatal errors or discernable bugs in the hours I have used the tool to date.

Conclusion

With a comprehensive toolkit, the ability to add actions and simulations, as well as online connectivity tools for help, tutorials and additional components I would rate the EaSynth ForeUI 2.X prototyping tool on a scale of ten as a value of

My biggest complaint would have to be the inconsistencies in interacting with the component properties and and look forward to exploring its capabilities deeper as I begin to prototype other areas of my application.

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Disclaimer
EaSynth provided me with a complementary license to review their product. I think this is a great way for them to recieve more publication of their tool, however as a professional I would be amiss if I allowed this to interfere with my assessment of the product.

Selenium and GXT CheckboxListView

I recently updated my application to use a menu hooked up to a button in which I display a GXT CheckboxListView of stamp issues. The general idea is that when defining my stamp if there are flaws (I tend to avoid collecting these) I can check-off the flaws in a drop-down like list. I added some selenium tests to capture the correct functionality, and came a across a few interesting points I thought I'd share.

1. GXT does not appear to let you set a constant on the checkbox, such that can you tie it back to an enumerated list easily. This meant I had to navigate to the text of interest (localized display value of the enum) and then proceed back in the DOM to get the input field such as the following:
   
   

   MENU_LOCATOR + //td[.='" + display_str + "']/../td/input[contains(@class,'x-view-item-checkbox')]

2. For closing the menu, the best approach I found was to use the "Escape" key on the menu itself:
   
   

   selenium.keyDown(PICKER_LOCATOR, "\u0027");
   selenium.keyPress(PICKER_LOCATOR, "\u0027");
   selenium.keyUp(PICKER_LOCATOR, "\u0027");

3. Setting the value of the checkbox turned out to be more than simply using click(). In order for the click to be registered with the underlying GXT models I also needed to emit a DOMActivate event on the checkbox:
   
   

   selenium.check(getCheckboxLocator(str));
   selenium.fireEvent(getCheckboxLocator(str),"DOMActivate");

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Version Info
GXT: 2.1.0
GWT: 2.0.0

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Unable to deploy JPA to Tomcat (Linux server)

I had to reimage my linux server due to a catastrophic disk failure. In doing so, I had to reinstall tomcat(s) (I use two... one for running my stamp app and the stamp test app (selenium testing) and one for running hudson builds). When my ant script for my stamp application deployed to the "production" tomcat, the start target would fail. I looked in the tomcat logs and saw this:

Exception Description: Predeployment of PersistenceUnit [stamp-test] failed.
Internal Exception: java.lang.RuntimeException: Exception [EclipseLink-7018] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 1.1.2.v20090612-r4475): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.ValidationException
Exception Description: File error.
Internal Exception: java.io.FileNotFoundException: /etc/rc.d/init.d/tempToDelete.xml (Permission denied)
at org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.PersistenceUnitLoadingException.exceptionSearchingForPersistenceResources(PersistenceUnitLoadingException.java:121) 
at org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceProvider.java:133)
at org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceProvider.java:67)

This threw my for a loop, until the path where the file was being read/written to tipped me off. I have startup scripts that use the java service daemon (jsvc) which are located in /etc/rc.d/init.d. Sure enough, this was the problem. Essentially eclipselink was trying to create a temporary file while attempting to clone an object when TABLE_PER_CLASS inheritance is being used. The fix turned out to be quite simple. I simply had to perform a change directory prior to calling the jsvc to the $CATALINA_HOME(or wherever your tomcat lives) prior to invoking the jsvc.